Quoted from flynnibus:Space and cost. To combat this kind of threat you need mass. Mass takes up space. You can watch videos of even moderate sized pleasure ships rip through concrete piers etc. even if the structure stands, the big moving ship keeps progressing- meaning you need stand off distance too to prevent contact. The math game just isn’t in their favor to create a structure that is immune.
More commonly now structures are put out around to act as deflectors… to try to be sacrificial victims. But this takes space.
Or you make the area around them shallow to try to use land as the buffer. But again the amount of space needed to be effective is massive… and underwater efforts require upkeep.
All this competes with trying to have the most efficient area for traffic. The Baltimore shipping lane there is really only 2 lanes wide as is…
Expect defenses… but not prevention.
Risk management doesn't happen unless it is incorporated into the design of these things. Hopefully they do an assessment of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. Think of the nightmare that would be.